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Divided cell

Толкование Перевод

1 divided cell
1. разделенный элемент
разделенный элемент
Элемент с мембраной или другим приспособлением для физического отделения анолита — электролита при анодной области от католита — электролита при катодной области.
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Тематики
- металлургия в целом
EN
- divided cell
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > divided cell
2 divided cell

Разделенный элемент.

Элемент с мембраной или другим приспособлением для физического отделения анолита - электролита при анодной области от католита - электролита при катодной области.

Англо-русский металлургический словарь > divided cell
3 divided cell

1) Техника: диафрагменная ячейка

2) Макаров: диафрагменный электролизёр

3) Электрохимия: электролизёр с диафрагмой

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > divided cell
4 cell-divided diffuser

Пищевая промышленность: секционный диффузор

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > cell-divided diffuser
5 cell-divided diffuser

секционный диффузор

Англо-русский словарь по пищевой промышленности > cell-divided diffuser
6 assay

испытание, проверка, количественный анализ; испытывать, производить анализ

adherence inhibition assay — реакция подавления адгезии ( клеток)

adherent phagocytosis assay — анализ фагоцитоза методом адгезивного монослоя (с использованием в качестве фагоцитируемых частиц-мишеней синтетических микросфер, наносимых в виде монослоя на плёнку из нейтрофилов)

adhesion assay — адгезионный анализ

adoptive transfer assay — анализ путём адоптивного переноса ( иммунокомпетентных клеток)

agarose-based chemotactic assay — анализ хемотаксиса в агарозе

agarose microdroplet assay — анализ на микропланшетах с агарозой

agglutination assay — реакция агглютинации

aggregation assay — агрегационный анализ

ANA assay — анализ антиядерного фактора, АНФ-анализ

antibody-screening assay — анализ с использованием панели антител

anti-C3 assay — анти-C3-анализ ( метод определения циркулирующих иммунных комплексов)

anti-DNA assay — метод тестирования антител к ДНК

antigen-binding assay — реакция связывания [иммобилизации] антигена

antigen capture assay — метод «антигенной ловушки» (вариант иммуносорбентного анализа с иммобилизацией антигена на твёрдой фазе)

antigen-labeled fluorescence protection assay — непрямой иммунофлуоресцентный анализ с тушением флуоресценции

antigen-stimulated rosett-forrning Т cells assay — реакция образования иммунных [антигенстимулированных] Т-розеток

antiglobulin-augmented lymphocytotoxicity assay — лимфоцитотоксический анализ с антиглобулином

Augener C1 consumption assay — анализ потребления C1-компонента комплемента по Аугенеру, анализ C1-C2 конверсии

band shift assay — (электрофоретический) анализ на замедление подвижности в геле ( для оценки белково-нуклеиновых взаимодействий)

Bethesda assay — Бетезда-анализ ( определение ингибиторов фактора VIII свёртывания крови)

bioimmunoabsorbent assay — биоиммуносорбентный анализ ( с использованием биологически активного лиганда на твёрдой фазе)

blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — блокирующий твердофазный иммуноферментный анализ

blood-bank assay — скрининг донорского банка крови; эпидем. массовое типирование групп крови

blood-grouping assay — определение группы крови

Boyden chemotaxis assay — определение хемотаксической активности в камере Бойдена ( тест на хемотаксис in vitro)

capillary tube assay — капиллярный анализ

capture immunoradiometric assay — количественный радиоиммуноанализ с захватом антигена или антитела

C3-conversion assay — анализ методом гидролиза C3-компонента комплемента, C3-гидролитический метод (определения нефритогенного фактора альтернативного пути активации комплемента)

cell-agglutination assay — реакция клеточной агглютинации

cell attachment assay — анализ методом иммобилизации клеток, адгезионно-клеточный анализ

cell cytolysis neutralization assay — анализ подавления цитолитической активности

cell cytotoxicity assay — анализ клеточной [клеточно-опосредованной] цитотоксичности

cell-mediated lympholysis assay — реакция клеточно-опосредованного лимфолизиса

cell reaggregation assay — клеточно-реагрегационный анализ

cell viability assay — анализ жизнеспособности клеток

CFU-F assay — анализ колониеобразующей активности фибробластов, метод КОК_ф

CH₅₀ assay — CH₅₀-тест (реакция титрования сывороточного комплемента с оптимизацией объёма сыворотки, необходимого для полного гемолиза 50% эритроцитов)

checker board assay — метод «шахматного анализа» (подбор оптимального разведения антисыворотки путём последовательного тестирования в жидкой и твёрдой фазах)

chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — твердофазный иммуноферментный анализ с хемилюминесценцией

chemotaxis assay — хемотаксический анализ

CHO cell assay — анализ с использованием клеток яичника китайского хомячка (метод определения свойств бактериального токсина путём морфологического исследования мазков клеток, обработанных токсином)

chromium-release microcytotoxicity assay — микроцитотоксический тест с радиоактивным хромом ( метод определения активности клеток-киллеров)

class-capture assay — метод иммуносорбции с захватом иммуноглобулинов определённого класса

clonal semisolid culture assay — клональный анализ в полужидкой среде

cloning efficiency assay — анализ эффективности клонирования

clotting assay — анализ коагулирующей активности ( крови)

coagulation assay — анализ коагулирующей активности ( крови)

cocultivation assay — анализ методом совместного культивирования

cold-target competition assay — конкурентный анализ с использованием «холодных» ( несенсибилизированных) мишеней

collagen-matrix assay — анализ методом коллагеновой подложки, анализ в системе с коллагеновой подложкой ( способ определения подвижности лимфоцитов и их способности к миграции)

colony assay — анализ колониеобразования ( в культуре)

colony-forming unit of fibroblasts assay — анализ колониеобразующей активности фибробластов, метод КОК_ф

competitive binding assay — конкурентно-связывающий анализ

competitive heterogeneous enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — конкурентный гетерогенный [твердофазный] иммуноферментный анализ

complement-consumption assay — реакция связывания [фиксации] комплемента

complement enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — комплементзависимый твердофазный иммуноферментный анализ

complement-independent cytolytic assay — реакция комплементнезависимого цитолиза (напр. лизис естественными клетками-киллерами)

computer-assisted assay — компьютерный анализ

ConA-induced suppressor cell assay — анализ клеток-супрессоров, индуцированных конканавалином А

conglutinin assay — конглютин-специфический анализ ( метод определения циркулирующих иммунных комплексов)

costimulator assay — анализ с костимулятором, комитогенный анализ ( метод тестирования активности интерлейкина 1 на тимоцитах)

C1q-binding assay — твердофазный C1q-анализ ( метод определения циркулирующих иммунных комплексов)

C1q-polyethylene glycol assay — C1q-специфический анализ в полиэтиленгликоле ( метод определения комплементсвязывающих иммунных комплексов)

C1q solid-phase assay — твердофазный C1q-анализ ( метод определения циркулирующих иммунных комплексов)

Crithidia assay — (иммунофлуоресцентный) анализ на клетках Crithidia lucilia (метод определения ауто-антител к ДНК у больных с системной красной волчанкой)

C3-splitting assay — анализ методом гидролиза C3-компонента комплемента, C3-гидролитический метод (определения нефритогенного фактора альтернативного пути активации комплемента)

culture assay — анализ в культуре; анализ in vitro

Cunningham's plaque assay — метод локального гемолиза по Каннингхэму

cytopathic effect dye uptake assay — анализ цитопатического эффекта по поглощению красителя ( биоанализ интерферона на модели вирус-инфицированных клеток)

cytotoxicity assay — реакция цитотоксичности

direct-binding assay — анализ прямого связывания ( антиген-антитело)

divided-colony assay — метод дискретных колоний, анализ колониеобразующей активности

DNA-affinity precipitation assay — преципитационный анализ ДНК-аффинного связывания ( метод изучения ДНК-связывающих белков)

DNA probe assay — ДНК-типирование, анализ с помощью ДНК-зондов

dot-immunobinding assay — метод гибридизации макромолекул путём диффузии через точечные отверстия, дот-блоттинг

dot-immunoperoxidase assay — иммуно-пероксидазный дот-анализ

dot-radioimmunobinding assay — DRIB-анализ (иммуносорбентный анализ с иммобилизованными на мембране мечеными антигенами или антителами)

double-label immunofluorescence assay — двухмаркёрный иммунофлуоресцентный анализ ( метод одновременной оценки двух различных антигенов или антител)

DRIB assay — DRIB-анализ (иммуносорбентный анализ с иммобилизованными на мембране мечеными антигенами или антителами)

EAC-rosette assay — анализ EAC-розеткообразования, метод розеток с предсенсибилизированными бараньими эритроцитами в присутствии комплемента, ЕАС-РОК анализ

EA-rosette assay — анализ EA-розеткообразования, метод розеток с предсенсибилизированными бараньими эритроцитами, EA-РОК анализ

ear swelling assay — ушной (аллерго)-тест

electrophoretic plaque assay — электрофоретический анализ реакции гемолиза

endo-staph assay — эндостафиновый тест (проба с очищенной тейхоевой кислотой для серодиагностики стафилококковой инфекции)

enzyme-enhanced luminescence assay — иммунолюминесцентный анализ с ферментативным усилением

enzyme-linked coagulation assay — иммуноферментный анализ факторов свёртывания крови

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — твердофазный иммуноферментный анализ

enzyme-linked immunospot assay — иммуноферментный спот-анализ ( метод микроиммуноферментного анализа)

E-rosette assay — анализ E-розеткообразования, метод розеток с бараньими эритроцитами, E-РОК анализ

erythropoiesis inhibition assay — метод подавления эритропоэза

exhypoxic polycythemic mouse assay — метод постгипоксийных полицитемических мышей ( метод оценки секреции эритропоэтина)

exocolonizing assay — метод экзогенных ( селезёночных) колоний, метод Тилла-Мак-Куллоха

FAMA assay — FAMA-анализ (метод серодиагностики инфекции, вызванной вирусом Varicella zoster)

Farr's assay — метод Фарра ( метод определения возможности связывания антигенов антисыворотками)

fibrin plaque assay — чашечный тест определения гемолиза

fibrin plate lysis assay — чашечный тест определения гемолиза

fluorescence-associated membrane antigen assay — FAMA-анализ (метод серодиагностики инфекции, вызванной вирусом Varicella zoster)

fluorescence sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — твердофазный иммуноферментный анализ с флуоресцентным усилением

fluoroallergosorbent assay — флуоресцентный аллергосорбентный анализ

foot pad swelling assay — тест на припухлость стопы ( тест для выявления гиперчувствительности замедленного типа у мышей)

gel retardation assay — (электрофоретический) анализ на замедление подвижности в геле ( для оценки белково-нуклеиновых взаимодействий)

graft-versus-host assay — анализ гистосовместимости донора и реципиента методом оценки реакции «трансплантат против хозяина»

granule enzyme release assay — анализ ферментативной гранулосекреции ( метод оценки специфической реакции клетки на раздражитель)

granulocyte aggregation assay — реакция агрегации нейтрофилов

granulocyte-rosette assay — метод нейтрофильных розеток

GVH assay — анализ гистосовместимости донора и реципиента методом оценки реакции «трансплантат против хозяина»

hemagglutinin yield reduction assay — реакция торможения гемагглютинации

hemolytic complement assay — титрование гемолитического комплемента

hemolytic focus assay — метод гемолитических фокусов, метод очагов гемолиза

homotypic adhesion assay — реакция гомотопической адгезии ( моноцитов)

idiotype assay — определение [типирование] идиотипа, идиотипирование

IL-1 receptor competition assay — анализ конкурентного связывания с рецептором интерлейкина 1 (метод определения истинной концентрации интерлейкина 1 в биологических образцах путём суммарной оценки связывания с клеточным рецептором alpha- и beta-изоформ)

immune complex kinase assay — иммунокомплексный метод анализа киназной активности, метод Коллета-Эрикссона ( метод оценки активности вирусных протеинкиназ)

immune slot-blot assay — иммуноанализ методом слот-блоттинга

immunoadsorption-amidolytic assay — иммуноадсорбционный амидолитический тест ( для определения активности активатора плазминогена)

immunoblotting assay — анализ методом иммуноблоттинга

immunocapture assay — (твердофазный) анализ с захватом антигена или антитела

immunochemiluminometric assay — количественный иммунохемилюминесцентный анализ, иммунохемилюминометрический анализ

immunodot assay — иммунодоттинговый анализ, иммунодоттинг

immunoenzymometric assay — количественный иммуноферментный анализ

immunofluorescence assay — иммунофлуоресцентный анализ

immunofluorometric assay — количественный иммунофлуоресцентный анализ, флуорометрический иммуноанализ

immunoluminometric assay — количественный иммунолюминесцентный анализ

immunoluminometric labeled second-antibody assay — количественный сэндвич-иммунолюминесцентный анализ

immunoradiobinding assay — радиоиммуноанализ со связыванием антитела или антигена

immunoradiometric assay — иммунорадиометрический анализ, количественный радиоиммуноанализ

immunosorbent assay — иммуносорбентный анализ

immunospot assay — спот-иммуноанализ

immunoturbidimetric assay — иммунонефелометрический анализ

infectious cell center assay — метод инфицированных клеточных фокусов ( вариант синцитийобразующего анализа)

intradermal neutralization assay — внутрикожная проба на нейтрализацию ( токсина)

in vitro assay — анализ in vitro

in vivo assay — анализ in vivo

Jerne plaque assay — метод бляшек по Ерне, реакция локального гемолиза в геле

killing assay — киллинг-анализ (анализ условий протекания и функциональных параметров реакции клеточно-опосредованной цитотоксичности, напр. анализ активности Т-киллеров)

Kimble-Anderson reversed assay — обращённо-фазовый анализ по Кимблу-Андерсену ( иммуно-электрофоретическое определение стафилококкового энтеротоксина)

kinetic-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay — кинетический твердофазный иммуноферментный анализ ( метод оценки инфекционности вирусов)

Klinman's assay — анализ селезёночных фрагментов ( метод оценки антителопродуцирующей активности единичных B-клеток)

Komuro-Boyse assay — метод селезёночных претимоцитов, метод Комуры-Бойзе ( способ оценки влияния препарата на дифференцировку Т-лимфоцитов in vitro)

latex-based assay — латексный анализ ( иммуноанализ с использованием частиц латекса)

lectin-binding assay on cells — метод определения лектинсвязывающей способности клеток

leukocyte adherence inhibition assay — реакция торможения адгезии лейкоцитов

ligated ileal loop assay — анализ методом перевязки подвздошной кишки (анализ энтеротоксических свойств бактерий путём инъекции токсина в участки перевязанной подвздошной кишки)

liposome immune lysis assay — метод (иммунного) лизиса с использованием (иммуно)липосом, тест (иммунного) лизиса липосом

liposome-swelling assay — метод определения набухания липосом

liquid-phase assay — анализ в жидкой среде

localized-in-gel hemolysis assay — метод бляшек по Ерне, реакция локального гемолиза в геле

long-term lymphocyte cytotoxicity assay — долговременный лимфоцитотоксический тест (напр. анализ активности предшественников клеток-киллеров)

lymph-node weight assay — метод взвешивания лимфоузлов (метод оценки интенсивности реакции «трансплантат против хозяина»)

lymphocyte blastogenic assay — анализ бластогенеза [бласт-трансформации] лимфоцитов

lymphocyte cytotoxicity assay — лимфоцитотоксический тест

lymphocyte function assay — функциональный анализ лимфоцитов

lymphocyte transformation assay — анализ бластогенеза [бласт-трансформации] лимфоцитов

lysate amebocyte assay — проба с лизатом амёбоцитов (мечехвоста), лимулюс-тест ( метод обнаружения амёбного эндотоксина)

lysoplate assay — экспресс-анализ лизоцима ( на планшетах)

macrophage electrophoretic mobility assay — тест электрофоретической подвижности макрофагов, ЭПМ-тест

MEM assay — ЭПМ-тест, тест электрофоретической подвижности макрофагов

microbe killing assay — анализ микробного киллинга ( для оценки антибактериальной цитотоксической функции клеток-киллеров)

microculture antibody synthesis enzyme-linked assay — метод иммуноферментного анализа (интенсивности) антителогенеза в микрокультурах ( с внесением иммобилизованного антигена)

microculture infectivity assay — микроанализ инфекционности культуры (метод стимулированных лимфоцитов, заражённых вирусом)

microcytotoxicity assay — микроцитотоксический тест

micro-ELISA secretion assay — твердофазный иммуноферментный микроанализ секреции иммуноглобулиновых аллотипов

microfiltration assay — (авторадиографический) микрофильтрационный анализ (напр. антиферментных антител)

microlymphocytotoxicity assay — лимфоцитотоксический микротест, микролимфоцитотоксический тест

microsphere-based immunofluorescence assay — иммунофлуоресцентный метод с использованием микросфер, анализ методом флуоресцирующих микросфер ( с иммобилизованными антителами или антигенами)

microsphere-fluorescent assay — иммунофлуоресцентный метод с использованием микросфер, анализ методом флуоресцирующих микросфер ( с иммобилизованными антителами или антигенами)

microtiter immunocytochemistry assay — высокочувствительный иммуноцитохимический анализ

microtiter infection assay — микротипирование инфекционности (напр. вируса)

mitogen-driven in vitro assay — реакция митогенной стимуляции в культуре

mixed colony assay — анализ смешанного колониеобразования, КОЕ_микст-анализ, метод смешанных колоний

multiple antigen assay — метод скрининга антигенов

NeFA assay — анализ методом гидролиза C3-компонента комплемента, C3-гидролитический метод (определения нефритогенного фактора альтернативного пути активации комплемента)

nonspecific cytolytic assay — система лизиса клеток с неспецифическим фактором (цитолиза)

opsonophagocytic assay — анализ опсонофагоцитирующей активности, определение опсонического индекса фагоцитоза

parallel-line assay — параллельная группа анализов, экспериментальная дубль-серия

parasite-infected-cell-agglutination assay — реакция агглютинации клеток, инфицированных паразитами ( метод определения титра специфических антител в эндемичных зонах)

particle-enhanced direct agglutination assay — реакция прямой латекс-агглютинации

Petri-dish assay — метод чашек Петри ( способ постановки реакции локального гемолиза в геле)

plaque assay — анализ бляшкообразования ( метод подсчёта антитело-образующих клеток in vitro)

plating efficiency assay — анализ эффективности выращивания

popliteal lymph-node assay — метод пункции подколенных лимфоузлов (метод оценки реакции «трансплантат против хозяина»)

pre-B-cell cloning assay — метод клонирования пре-B-клеток ( для оценки дифференцировки В-клеток в культуре)

pre-B-cell colony formation assay — анализ колониеобразования пре-B-клеток

precipitation assay — преципитационный анализ; реакция преципитации

PWM-driven in vitro assay — стимулированная митогеном лаконоса реакция ( бласт-трансформации лимфоцитов)

quantitative immunoblotting assay — количественный метод иммуноблоттинга

radioantigen-binding assay — анализ связывания радиоактивного антигена

radioantigen-binding inhibition assay — анализ подавления связывания радиоактивного антигена

radioimmune precipitation assay — радиоиммунопреципитационный анализ

radioimmunobinding assay — радиоиммуноанализ методом связывания

radioimmunofocus assay — фокусобразующий радиоиммунологический анализ ( вирусных антигенов)

radioimmunoprecipitation assay — радиоиммунопреципитационный анализ

radioimmunosorbent assay — радиоиммуносорбентный анализ

radioreceptor assay — радиорецепторный анализ

Raja cell assay — анализ с использованием Raja-клеток (подсчёт прикрепившихся к Raja-клеткам комплементсодержащих иммунных комплексов)

Raja cell immunofluorescence assay — иммунофлуоресцентный анализ с использованием Raja-клеток (метод подсчёта циркулирующих иммунных комплексов, содержащих комплемент и прикрепившихся к Raja-клеткам)

rapid assay — экспресс-анализ

rate-of-lysis assay — определение литической активности (напр. клеток-киллеров)

reverse hemolytic plaque assay — анализ методом обратного локального гемолиза

roll-blot assay — блот-анализ с прокаткой ( между валиками после электрофореза)

rosette-forming T-cells assay — анализ суммарных ( фоновых) розетко-образующих Т-клеток

sequential dilution assay — система лимитирующих разведений

serodiagnostic assay — серодиагностика; серодиагностический анализ

serologic assay — серология; серологический анализ

short-term lymphocyte cytotoxicity assay — короткий лимфоцитотоксический тест ( тест на активность естественных клеток-киллеров)

SIG blot assay — анализ методом иммуноблоттинга с окраской золотом и серебром

silver-immunogold blot assay — анализ методом иммуноблоттинга с окраской золотом и серебром

single cell cytotoxicity assay — анализ цитотоксичности методом серийных разведений

single cell-in-agarose assay — анализ методом серийных разведений в агарозе

single-label immunofluorescence assay — мономаркёрный иммунофлуоресцентный анализ ( метод идентификации одного антигена или антитела)

skin neutralization assay — внутрикожная проба на нейтрализацию ( токсина)

skin test assay — анализ методом кожных проб

slide immunoenzymatic assay — иммуноферментный анализ на стекле, иммуноферментный слайд-анализ

solid-phase antibody assay — твердофазный иммуноанализ антител

solid-phase clotting assay — твердофазный метод анализа факторов свёртывания крови

solid-phase immunoradiometric assay — твердофазный иммунорадиометрический анализ

solid-phase radioimmune cobinding assay — твердофазный радиоиммунологический анализ с двойным связыванием ( компонентов реакции)

soluble-phase antibody assay — гомогенный иммуноанализ антител

sperm cytotoxicity assay — спермацитотоксический анализ

spleen weight assay — метод взвешивания селезёнок, метод Симонсена (метод оценки интенсивности реакции «трансплантат против хозяина»)

splenic focus assay — анализ селезёночных фрагментов ( метод оценки антителопродуцирующей активности единичных B-клеток)

splenic fragment assay — анализ селезёночных фрагментов ( метод оценки антителопродуцирующей активности единичных B-клеток)

spontaneous erythrocyte rosette assay — анализ спонтанных розеток, E-РОК анализ

staphylococcal protein A-coated sheep red blood cell assay — реакция гемолиза с бараньими эритроцитами, нагруженными стафилококковым протеином А

Stossel's assay — реакция Стоссела ( тест 3-го уровня для оценки фагоцитарной функции)

superoxide anion assay — анализ (образования) супероксидных анионов ( метод оценки фагоцитарной функции)

suppressor cell assay — анализ клеток-супрессоров

suspension phagocytosis assay — анализ фагоцитоза суспензионным методом, анализ фагоцитоза в жидкой фазе

syncytial-forming assay — синцитийобразующий анализ, метод синцитиальной оболочки (метод определения пролиферативной активности и инфекционности вируса СПИДа)

T cell-accessory cell binding assay — метод межклеточных взаимодействий между Т- и А-клетками, метод связывания Т- и А-клеток

T-cell growth factor assay — анализ фактора роста Т-клеток ( анализ активности интерлейкина 2 в клеточной культуре)

teichoic acid antibody assay — анализ антитейхоевых антител ( для серодиагностики стафилококковой инфекции)

test tube assay — лабораторный анализ; анализ in vitro

thiocyanate elution assay — анализ методом элюции тиоцианатом ( один из способов количественной оценки относительной аффинности антител)

thymocyte assay — анализ (пролиферации) тимоцитов (для оценки влияния экзогенных факторов на пролиферацию тимоцитов при фиксированных концентрациях интерлейкина 1)

thymus-regeneration [thymus-repopulation] assay — анализ регенерационной [репопуляционной] способности тимуса ( метод оценки пострадиационных потенций тимуса)

total hemolytic complement assay — метод титрования гемолитического комплемента

tumor necrosis assay — метод определения фактора некроза опухолей

two-site immunoenzymometric assay — двухстадийный [двухслойный] иммуноферментный анализ ( метод анализа с использованием комплементарной пары антител к антигену)

type-specific assay — типоспецифический анализ

vesicle immunolysis assay — метод иммунного лизиса с использованием (иммуно)липосом

virus plaque assay — вирусологический тест бляшкообразования

Англо-русский словарь по иммунологии > assay
7 door

door

n
дверь; дверца; проём; люк

- access door
- accordion door
- active door
- air door
- air-tight door
- A-labeled door
- all-aluminum door
- arched door
- arch door
- automatic door
- automatic closing door
- automatic collapsible revolving door
- automatic fire door
- balcony door
- basement door
- batten door
- batten and braced door
- bifolding door
- bifold door
- biparting door
- blast-resistant door
- board door
- casement door
- cell door
- cellular-core door
- cleaning door
- colonial panel door
- concealed door
- divided light door
- double door
- double-acting door
- doubled-up door
- double-swing door
- Dutch door
- fire door
- fire rated door
- flat door
- flush door
- folding door
- framed door
- framed and braced door
- framed and ledged door
- framed, ledged and braced door
- French door
- front door
- garaged door
- gib door
- glass door
- glazed door
- half-glass door
- hoistway door
- horizontal sliding door
- horizontal strip door
- inspection door
- insulating door
- interior door
- jib door
- labeled door
- ledged door
- ledged-and-braced door
- lift-car door
- louver door
- matchboarded door
- mesh-core door
- metal-clad fire door
- metal-covered door
- multifolding door
- outer door
- overhead door
- overhung door
- paneled door
- panel door
- plate glass door
- plate glass street door
- prison cell door
- revolving door
- sectional door
- single leaf door
- single door
- single swing door
- slat door
- sliding door
- smoke control door
- solid-core door
- steel plate door
- storm door
- strip door
- swinging door
- three-compartment revolving door
- trap door
- unframed door
- veneered door
- vertical strip door

Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.

Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов > door
8 furnace

1) печь

2) топка, топочная камера

3) котёл ( центрального парового отопления)

4) тепловой узел ( установки выращивания кристаллов)

5) термостат ( в хроматографии)

•

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anode-drop furnace
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Pulse furnace
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acid furnace
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acid open-hearth furnace
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air furnace
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air tempering furnace
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Ajax furnace
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all-basic furnace
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all-electric furnace
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all-radiant furnace
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annealing furnace
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annular furnace
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arc furnace
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ash fusion furnace
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asphalt furnace
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assay furnace
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bakeout furnace
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barrel-type furnace
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basic furnace
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basic open-hearth furnace
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basic oxygen furnace
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batch-type furnace
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batch furnace
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bath-type furnace
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bath furnace
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bell-type furnace
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belt furnace
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belt-charged blast furnace
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belt-heating furnace
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bifurcated furnace
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biscuit furnace
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black furnace
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blackening furnace
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blast furnace
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bogie hearth furnace
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bogie furnace
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bogie-type furnace
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boiler furnace
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boosted furnace
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bottom-electrode arc furnace
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bottom-fired walking-beam furnace
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box furnace
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brick furnace
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bung-type roof furnace
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burnout furnace
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calcining furnace
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car furnace
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carborundum furnace
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carburizing furnace
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catalyst furnace
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catenary arch furnace
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catenary furnace
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cathode-ray furnace
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cellulating furnace
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ceramic furnace
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chamber furnace
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channel-gasification furnace
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circular furnace
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closed-top furnace
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coal-fired furnace
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coil-heating furnace
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coiling furnace
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cold top furnace
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cold-charged furnace
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combined direct flame-radiant tube furnace
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compartment furnace
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consumable electrode arc furnace
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continuous annealing furnace
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continuous furnace
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continuous pack-and-pair heating furnace
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continuous single-strand furnace
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conveyortype furnace
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conveyor furnace
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copper blast furnace
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copper-smelting furnace
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coreless-type induction furnace
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coreless induction furnace
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core-type induction furnace
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corner-fired furnace
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cracking furnace
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cross-fired furnace
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crucible furnace
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crucible melting furnace
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crystal growing furnace
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crystal-pulling furnace
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cupelling furnace
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cupel furnace
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cupola furnace
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cyaniding furnace
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cyclone furnace
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descaling furnace
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devitrification furnace
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diffusion furnace
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direct resistance furnace
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direct-arc conducting hearth furnace
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direct-arc furnace
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direct-fired furnace
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direct-fired reducing furnace
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divided furnace
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double-bed furnace
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double-crown furnace
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double-end fired furnace
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double-hearth furnace
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down-draft furnace
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downshot-type furnace
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downward-fired furnace
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drip furnace
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dry-bottom furnace
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dry furnace
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EB furnace
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electric furnace
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electric pig-iron furnace
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electric pit-type heating furnace
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electric resistance furnace
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electric steel furnace
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electric-tube furnace
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electrode-hearth arc furnace
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electrolytic furnace
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electron beam furnace
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electroslag remelting furnace
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enameling furnace
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enamel furnace
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end-fired furnace
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epitaxial furnace
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equalizing furnace
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equiflux furnace
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fagoted iron furnace
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ferroalloy furnace
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fired top and bottom furnace
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firing furnace
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fixed furnace
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fixed open-hearth furnace
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fixed roof-type furnace
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flame furnace
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flash furnace
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flat glass furnace
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flattening furnace
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fluid-bed furnace
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forging furnace
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Fourcault tank furnace
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frit furnace
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front-door furnace
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front-fired furnace
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gantry-type furnace
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garbage furnace
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gas chamber furnace
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gas furnace
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gas-fired radiant tube furnace
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gas-reforming furnace
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glass furnace
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glass-bending furnace
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glass-foam furnace
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glass-melting furnace
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glazing furnace
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gradient furnace
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graphite rod melting furnace
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hand-rabbled furnace
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hardening furnace
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hearth furnace
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heating furnace
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heat-treatment furnace
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Heroult electric arc furnace
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high-frequency furnace
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high-frequency induction furnace
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high-frequency steel furnace
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high-temperature solar furnace
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high-top pressure blast furnace
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holding furnace
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holding-melting furnace
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hood-type annealing furnace
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horizontal ring furnace
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hot air furnace
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ignition furnace
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immersed electrode salt-bath furnace
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immersion-burner furnace
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immersion furnace
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in-and-out furnace
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independent-arc furnace
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indirect resistance furnace
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indirect-arc furnace
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induction crucible furnace
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induction low-frequency furnace
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induction melting furnace
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induction-arc furnace
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induction furnace
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induction-stirred furnace
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ingot heating furnace
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iron-and-steel furnaces
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iron-melting furnace
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LD furnace
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lift-and-swing-aside roof furnace
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lift-coil induction furnace
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lift-off bell-type furnace
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lift-off bell furnace
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liquid-ball furnace
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low-frequency furnace
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low-shaft furnace
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low-thermal mass furnace
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Maerz-Boelens furnace
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malleable annealing furnace
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Martin furnace
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matting furnace
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mechanically rabbled furnace
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melting furnace
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mesh belt conveyor furnace
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Miguet furnace
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moving belt furnace
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muffle furnace
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multiple-bedded furnace
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multistack annealing furnace
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multistage furnace
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nitriding furnace
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nonferrous melting furnace
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nonoxidizing annealing furnace
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normalizing furnace
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oil-fired furnace
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one-zone furnace
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open gas furnace
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open-flame furnace
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open-hearth furnace
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open-hearth rolling furnace
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open-top furnace
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opposed-firing furnace
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ore furnace
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ore-smelting furnace
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overburdened furnace
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oxidation furnace
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permeable-lining furnace
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petroleum furnace
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pipe furnace
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pit-type furnace
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pit furnace
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plasmarc furnace
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plate-glass furnace
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plate furnace
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porcelain-enamel furnace
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positive pressure furnace
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pot furnace
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pot-and-muffle furnace
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preheating furnace
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pressure-fired furnace
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printing furnace
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producer furnace
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protective gas furnace
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pulverized-coal dry-ash furnace
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pulverized-coal furnace
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pulverized-coal slag-tap furnace
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pusher-type furnace
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pusher furnace
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quartz-melting furnace
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quartz furnace
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quenching furnace
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rabbling furnace
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radiant tubular furnace
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radiation furnace
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reaction furnace
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recirculation forced convection furnace
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recirculation furnace
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rectangular hood furnace
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recuperative continuous furnace
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recuperative furnace
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refining furnace
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reforming furnace
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regenerative furnace
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removable cover furnace
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resistance arc furnace
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resistance element salt-bath furnace
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resistance furnace
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resistance tube furnace
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resistance-heated pot-type furnace
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resistance-heating muffle furnace
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resistor furnace
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resistor melting furnace
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reverberating furnace
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ring furnace
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roasting furnace
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rocking arc furnace
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rocking furnace
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rocking resistor furnace
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Rohn furnace
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roller-hearth furnace
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roof lance furnace
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rotary hearth furnace
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rotating-bath furnace
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rotor furnace
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runout-body furnace
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salt furnace
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sealed quench furnace
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self-powered furnace
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semirotary melting furnace
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shaft furnace
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shaft-coking furnace
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sheet-glass furnace
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sheet furnace
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shelf furnace
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short annealing furnace
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side-charged furnace
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side-port furnace
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singeing furnace
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single furnace
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single pot furnace
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single-cell furnace
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single-stack annealing furnace
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sintering furnace
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sinter furnace
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skull furnace
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slag-drip furnace
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slagging-bottom furnace
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slag-tap furnace
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sloping hearth furnace
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smelting furnace
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solar furnace
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soldering furnace
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Solvex cracking furnace
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spark-gap converter furnace
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stationary open-hearth furnace
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steel-making furnace
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steel furnace
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strand-type furnace
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stress-relieving furnace
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submerged-arc furnace
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supercharged furnace
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sweat furnace
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symmetric LD furnace
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tandem furnace
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tangentially fired furnace
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tank furnace
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three-cell furnace
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three-phase ore-smelting furnace
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three-storied furnace
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through-type retort furnace
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tile furnace
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tilling furnace
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tilting open-hearth furnace
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tipping furnace
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top hat annealing furnace
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top-charge furnace
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top-fired heating furnace
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toughening furnace
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tower-type furnace
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traveling hearth furnace
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triple-bell furnace
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triple-fired furnace
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tube furnace
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twin furnace
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underfeed furnace
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upshot fired furnace
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upshot furnace
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vacuum furnace
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vacuum-arc-refining furnace
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vacuum-induction furnace
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versatile bar furnace
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vertical pull-through furnace
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VIM furnace
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walking beam furnace
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warm-air furnace
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water-cooled furnace
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water-cooled infrared furnace
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water-jacketed furnace
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water-jacket furnace
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water-walled furnace
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wet-bottom furnace
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wind furnace
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zinc-distillation furnace
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zone melting furnace

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > furnace
9 door

дверь, дверца; заслонка; проём; люк

to hang a door — навесить дверь на петли

to lock a door — запереть дверь

to pad a door — обивать дверь

to suspend a sliding door — навесить раздвижную дверь

- access door
- accordion door - air door - arch door - armoured door - automatic door - back door - barred door - bottom door - braced door - cabinet door - canopy door - casement door - combination doors - composite door - dead door - dipper door - double-acting door - double-margined door - drop door - dump door - dwarf doors - emergency door - entrance door - external door - fire door - fireproof door - flap door - flush door - folding door - framed door - framed and braced door - frameless glass door - French door - garage door - gib door - glass door - glazed door - heat-actuated fire door - high-lift sectional overhead door - hinged door - hoistway door - hollow-core door - house door - inside door - jackknife door - jib door - laminated door - ledged door - ledged and braced door - left-hand door - lift-car door - louvre door - low-lift sectional door - oak frame door - off-side door - one-panel door - overhead door - overhead sectional door - padded door - paddle door - painted lattice door - painted MDF door - panel door - pass door - plain door - revolution door - right-hand door - roller-shatter door - rolling door - roll-up door - round-the-corner door - royal door - rubber-sealed door - sash door - self-closing door - self-closing fire door - shutter door - slab door - slide door - sliding door - sluice door - solid door - solid-framed door - solid glass door - splayed door - stable door - standard lift sectional overhead door - steel-plate door - storm door - swing door - trap door - turning lock door - turn-over door - two-leafed door - two-panelled door - upward-acting door - vanishing door - varnished lattice door - veneered door - Venetian door - vertical lift sectional overhead door - vertical-sliding door - vestibule door - wing door
* * *

дверь; дверца; проём; люк
- access door
- accordion door
- active door
- air door
- air-tight door
- A-labeled door
- all-aluminum door
- arched door
- arch door
- automatic door
- automatic closing door
- automatic collapsible revolving door
- automatic fire door
- balcony door
- basement door
- batten door
- batten and braced door
- bifolding door
- bifold door
- biparting door
- blast-resistant door
- board door
- casement door
- cell door
- cellular-core door
- cleaning door
- colonial panel door
- concealed door
- divided light door
- double door
- double-acting door
- doubled-up door
- double-swing door
- Dutch door
- fire door
- fire rated door
- flat door
- flush door
- folding door
- framed door
- framed and braced door
- framed and ledged door
- framed, ledged and braced door
- French door
- front door
- garaged door
- gib door
- glass door
- glazed door
- half-glass door
- hoistway door
- horizontal sliding door
- horizontal strip door
- inspection door
- insulating door
- interior door
- jib door
- labeled door
- ledged door
- ledged-and-braced door
- lift-car door
- louver door
- matchboarded door
- mesh-core door
- metal-clad fire door
- metal-covered door
- multifolding door
- outer door
- overhead door
- overhung door
- paneled door
- panel door
- plate glass door
- plate glass street door
- prison cell door
- revolving door
- sectional door
- single leaf door
- single door
- single swing door
- slat door
- sliding door
- smoke control door
- solid-core door
- steel plate door
- storm door
- strip door
- swinging door
- three-compartment revolving door
- trap door
- unframed door
- veneered door
- vertical strip door

Англо-русский строительный словарь > door
10 engine

двигатель (внутреннего сгорания); машина; мотор

- engine accessories
- engine analyzer - engine and gearbox unit - engine area - engine assembly - engine assembly shop
- engine balance

- engine base

- engine bay

- engine bearer

- engine bed

- engine behavior

- engine block

- engine block heater
- engine bonnet
- engine bracket

- engine brake

- engine braking

- engine braking effect
- engine braking force - engine breathing - engine-building - engine capacity
- engine case

- engine casing
- engine cleansing agents
- engine clutch

- engine clutch housing
- engine column
- engine compartment

- engine compartment lamp
- engine component - engine conk - engine control
- engine controls

- engine cooler
- engine-cooling - engine-cooling thermometer - engine cowl flap
- engine cowling

- engine cradle

- engine cranking

- engine cross-drive
- engine cross-drive casing - engine cutoff - engine cycle - engine data - engine deck - engine department - engine details - engine diagnostic connector
- engine displacement

- engine drive

- engine-driven
- engine-driven air compressor
- engine-driven compressor

- engine-driven industrial truck
- engine-driven industrial shop truck - engine dry weight - engine efficiency - engine failure - engine fan pulley - engine flameout - engine flywheel - engine for different fuels - engine frame - engine front - engine front area - engine front support bracket - engine fuel - engine gearbox - engine-gearbox unit - engine-generator - engine-governed speed - engine governor - engine gum - engine hatch - engine hoist - engine hood - engine house - engine idles rough - engine in situ - engine installation
- engine is dead

- engine is running rough
- engine is smooth - engine is tractable - engine knock - engine lacquer - engine life - engine lifetime pecypc - engine lifting bracket - engine lifting fixture - engine lifting hook - engine location - engine lubrication system - engine lug - engine management - engine management system - engine map - engine misfires - engine model - engine motoring - engine mount
- engine mount damper

- engine mount system
- engine-mounted - engine mounted longitudinally - engine mounted transversally - engine mounting - engine-mounting bracket - engine nameplate - engine noise - engine number - engine off - engine oil - engine oil capacity - engine oil filler cap - engine oil filling cap - engine oil tank - engine on - engine operating temperature - engine out of work - engine output - engine overhaul - engine pan - engine peak speed - engine performance - engine picks up - engine pings - engine piston - engine plant - engine power - engine pressure - engine primer - engine rating - engine rear support - engine reconditioning - engine renovation - engine repair stand - engine retarder - engine revolution counter - engine rig test - engine room - engine roughness - engine rpm indicator - engine run-in - engine runs rough - engine runs roughly - engine shaft - engine shed - engine shield - engine shop - engine shorting-out - engine shutdown - engine sludge - engine snubber - engine speed - engine speed sensor - engine stability - engine stalls - engine start - engine starting system - engine starts per day - engine stroke - engine subframe - engine sump - engine sump well - engine support
- engine support cushion

- engine suspension
- engine temperature sensor
- engine test bed

- engine test rig
- engine test stand - engine testing room - engine throttle - engine timing case - engine-to-cabin passthrough aperture - engine-transmission unit - engine torque - engine trends - engine trouble - engine tune-up - engine turning at peak revolution - engine under seat - engine unit - engine vacuum checking gauge - engine valve - engine varnish - engine vibration - engine wash - engine water inlet - engine water outlet - engine wear - engine weight - engine weight per horsepower - engine winterization system - engine with supercharger - engine wobble - engine works - engine yard - engine's flexibility - aero-engine
- adiabatic engine

- agricultural engine

- agricultural traction engine

- air engine

- air-cell diesel engine

- air chamber diesel engine

- air-cooled engine

- air-cooled flat twin engine

- aircraft engine

- air injection engine

- airless-injection Diesel engine

- alcohol engine

- aluminium engine

- antechamber compression ignition engine

- Armstrong-Whitworth variable compression knocktesting engine

- arrow engine

- aspitare engine
- atmospheric engine - atmospheric steam engine - atomic engine - augmented engine
- automobile engine

- automomotive engine
- AV-1 engine - aviation engine
- axial engine

- B-type engine
- back-up engine
- balance shaft engine

- bare engine

- barrel engine

- barring engine

- basic engine

- beam engine

- binary vapour engine
- birotary engine
- blast engine

- blast furnace gas engine
- blast-injection diesel engine - blower-cooled engine
- blowing engine

- blown engine
- bored-out engine - boxer engine
- broad-arrow engine

- build up an engine
- bull engine
- bus engine

- capstane engine
- car engine
- carburetor engine

- charcoal-burning engine
- charge-cooled engine
- coal-dust engine

- coke-oven gas engine

- cold engine

- cold-starting engine

- cold-starting heavy-oil engine

- combustion engine

- compound engine

- compression ignition engine

- condensating engine

- constant-duty engine

- counterbalanced engine

- coupled engines

- cowled engine
- crank engine - crankcase-scavenged engine
- crosshead engine

- crosswise engine
- crude engine - crude-oil engine
- dead engine

- derated engine
- diaphragm engine - diesel-electric engine - Diesel engine - Diesel engine with air cell - Diesel engine with antechamber - Diesel engine with direct injection - Diesel engine with mechanical injection
- differential engine

- direct-drive engine
- direct injection engine - divided-chamber engine
- donkey engine

- door engine

- double-acting engine

- double-acting rotary engine

- double-acting steam engine

- double-bank radial engine

- double-cylinder engine

- double-expansion engine
- double-flow engine - double-overhead camshaft engine
- double-piston engine

- double-pistontype engine

- double-row engine

- double-V engine

- dredge engine
- drilling engine - driving engine - drop-valve engine
- dry sump engine

- dual-fuel engine
- ducted-fan engine - duofuel engine - emergency engine
- eight-cylinder engine

- experimental engine
- explosion engine - external combustion engine - external-internal combustion engine - F-head engine - failed engine - fan engine - federal engine - field engine - fire-engine - five-cylinder engine - fixed engine - flame engine - flat engine - flat-four engine - flat twin engine - flexibly mounted engine - forced-induction engine - four-cycle engine - four-cylinder engine - four-stroke engine - free-piston engine - free-piston gas generator engine - front-mounted engine - free-turbine engine - fuel-injection engine - full-load engine - gas engine - gas blowing engine - gas-power engine - gas-turbine engine - gasoline engine - geared engine - heat engine - heavy-duty engine - heavy-oil engine - high-by-pass-ratio turbofan engine - high-compression engine - high-efficiency engine - high-performance engine - high-power engine - high-speed engine - hoisting engine - hopped-up engine - horizontal engine - horizontally opposed engine - hot engine - hot-air engine - hot-bulb engine - hydrogen engine - I-head engine - in-line engine - inclined engine - indirect injection engine - individual-cylinder engine - industrial engine - inhibited engine - injection oil engine - injection-type engine - intercooled diesel engine - intermittent-cycle engine - internal combustion engine - inverted engine - inverted Vee-engine - jet engine - jet-propulsion engine - kerosene engine - knock test engine - L-head engine - launch engine - lean-burn engine - left-hand engine - lift engine - light engine - liquid-cooled engine - liquid propane engine - locomotive engine - longitudinal engine - long-stroke engine - low-compression engine - low-consumption engine - low-emission engine - low-performance engine - low-speed engine - marine engine - modular engine - monosoupape engine - motor engine - motor an engine round - motor-boat engine - motor-fire engine - motorcycle engine - motored engine - multibank engine - multicarburetor engine - multicrank engine - multicylinder engine - multifuel engine - multirow engine - naturally aspirated engine - non-compression engine - non-condensing engine - non-exhaust valve engine - non-poppet valve engine - non-reversible engine - nuclear engine - oil engine - oil-electric engine - oil well drilling engine - one-cylinder engine - operating engine - opposed engine - opposed cylinders engine - Otto engine - out-board engine - overcooled engine - overhead valve engine - oversquare engine - overstroke engine - pancake engine - paraffin engine - paraffine engine - petrol engine - Petter AV-1 Diesel engine - pilot engine - piston engine - piston blast engine - port engine - precombustion chamber engine - prime an engine - producer-gas engine - production engine - prototype engine - pumping engine - pushrod engine - quadruple-expansion engine - qual-cam engine - racing engine - radial engine - radial cylinder engine - radial second motion engine - railway engine - ram induction engine - ram-jet engine - reaction engine - rear-mounted engine - rebuilt engine - reciprocating engine - reciprocating piston engine - reconditioned engine - regenerative engine - regular engine - reheat engine - research-cylinder engine - reversible engine - reversing engine - right-hand engine - rocket engine - rotary engine - rough engine - row engine - run in an engine - scavenged gasoline engine - scavenging engine - sea-level engine - second-motion engine - self-ignition engine - semidiesel engine - series-wound engine - servo-engine - short-life engine - short-stroke engine - shorted-out engine - shunting engine - shunt-wound engine - side-by-side engine - side-valve engine - simple-expansion engine - single-acting engine - single-chamber rocket engine - single-cylinder engine - single-cylinder test engine - single-row engine - six-cylinder engine - skid engine - slanted engine - sleeve-valve engine - sleeveless engine - slide-valve engine - slope engine - slow-running engine - slow-speed engine - small-bore engine - small-displacement engine - solid-injection engine - spark-ignition engine - spark-ignition fuel-injection engine - split-compressor engine - square engine - square stroke engine - stalled engine - stand-by engine - start the engine cold - start the engine light - start the engine warm
- hot

- start up the engine in gear
- starting engine - static engine - stationary engine - steam engine - steering engine - Stirling engine - straight-eight engine - straight-line engine - straight-type engine - stratified charge engine - stripped engine - submersible engine - suction gas engine - supercharged engine - supercompression engine - supplementary engine - swash-plate engine
- swirl-chamber diesel engine

- switch engine
- switching engine - tandem engine - tank engine - thermal engine - three-cylinder engine - traction engine - triple-expansion engine - tractor engine - transversally-mounted engine - truck engine - trunk-piston Diesel engine - turbine engine - turbo-jet engine - turbo-charged engine - turbo-compound engine - turbo-prop engine - turbo-ramjet engine - turbo-supercharged engine - turbocharged-and-aftercooled engine - turbofan engine - turboprop engine - twin engine - twin cam engine - twin crankshaft engine - twin six engine - two-bank engine - two-cycle engine - two-cylinder engine - two-spool engine - two-stroke engine - unblown engine - uncooled engine - underfloor engine - undersquare engine - uniflow engine - unsupercharged engine - uprated engine - V-engine - V-type engine - valve-in-the-head engine - valveless engine - vaporizer engine - vaporizing-oil engine - variable compression engine - variable-stroke engine - variable valve-timing engine - vee engine - vertical engine - vertical turn engine - vertical vortex engine - W-type engine - Wankel engine - warm engine - waste-heat engine - water-cooled engine - winding engine - windshield wiper engine - woolly-type engine - worn engine - X-engine - Y-engine - yard engine

Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > engine
11 near cash

!

гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

Introduction

This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.

Principles of the framework

The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
"
consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
" "
the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
" "
strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
"
the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.

The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
"
the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
"
the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.

Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.

Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)

The framework for public expenditure is divided between
"
Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
"
Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.

More information about DEL and AME is set out below.

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Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL)

In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.

Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.

Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.

There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.

Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME)

AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.

AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.

AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.

Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.

Total Managed Expenditure

Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.

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Resource Accounting and Budgeting ( RAB)

Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
"
Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
"
Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
"
Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
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Administration Budgets (see below)

Administration Budgets

The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.

Spending Reviews

The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.

The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.

Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.

The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
"
provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
" "
enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
" "
introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
"
not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.

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Comprehensive Spending Review 2007

To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.

A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
"
an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
" "
an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
" "
to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
"
further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.

The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.

Obtaining good performance

Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.

The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.

Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.

Departmental Investment Strategies (DISs)

To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.

This document was updated on 19 December 2005.

Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
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GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.

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64Managing Public Money

Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash
12 architecture

1) архитектура, структура

2) структура ( конфигурация)

•

- agent-based architecture
- architecture of degree d
- bit-map architecture
- bit-serial architecture
- capability architecture
- cell-block architecture
- cellurar architecture
- channel array architecture
- chip architecture
- coarse-grained architecture
- collapsed architecture
- completely pipelined architecture
- compose-time architecture
- computer architecture
- data flow architecture
- design-time architecture
- distributed architecture
- distributed function architecture
- divided word-line architecture
- domain-specific architecture
- duplex architecture
- dynamic architecture
- easy-to-test architecture
- evolutionary architecture
- expandable architecture
- fine-grained architecture
- flat-address architecture
- foundation architecture
- Harvard architecture
- high-level architecture
- highly parallel architecture
- instruction set architecture
- loosely coupled architecture
- massively parallel architecture
- microprogrammable architecture
- modular architecture
- multibus architecture
- multimicroprocessor architecture
- multiplexed isolation architecture
- multithread architecture
- multiuser architecture
- N-bit architecture
- network architecture
- office-document architecture
- onion skin architecture
- open architecture
- open systems architecture
- parallel architecture
- peer-to-peer architecture
- peripheral oriented architecture
- pipelined architecture
- real architecture
- reduction architecture
- register-oriented architecture
- run-time architecture
- scalable architecture
- sea-of-gate architecture
- server-based architecture
- single-address architecture
- slice architecture
- software architecture
- spatially organized architecture
- stack architecture
- superscalar architecture
- tagged-token architecture
- tag-token architecture
- tagged-data architecture
- tailored architecture
- tightly coupled architecture
- tissue architecture
- token-ring architecture
- tree-structured architecture
- two-address architecture
- unified architecture
- unified-bus architecture
- vertical architecture
- virtual architecture

English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > architecture
13 engine

двигатель; мотор

automatic adjustable volume turbulence (combustion) chamber (diesel) engine — (дизельный) двигатель с вихревой камерой (сгорания) с автоматически регулируемым объемом

divided (combustion) chamber multifuel engine — многотопливный двигатель с раздельной камерой сгорания

— ammonia fuel diesel engine

— ampulized liquid fuel engine

— antechamber diesel engine

— automatic compression variable regulation engine

— booster engine

— buzz an engine up

— combined rocket engine

— compound vortex controlled combustion engine

— compression-regulating pistons engine

— delayed automatic volume control engine

— diesel-carburettor engine

— double-fuel injection diesel engine

— electric magnetic plasma rocket engine

— external source fuel ignition diesel engine

— film mixture formation diesel engine

— fission engine

— fixed-thrust boost engine

— four-cycle multifuel diesel engine with direct mixture

— four-cycle multifuel diesel engine with separated mixture

— four-stroke multifuel diesel engine with direct mixture

— four-stroke multifuel diesel engine with separated mixture

— fuel cell engine

— hybrid rocket engine

— hydrogen-fuel rocket engine

— hyperbar system engine

— multifuel engine

— multifuel forechamber mixture diesel engine

— multifuel prechamber mixture diesel engine

— multifuel supercharged diesel engine

— nuclear engine

— reduced IR signature engine

— rocket engine

— silent engine

— stratified charge diesel engine

— thrust engine

— turbo-supercharged diesel engine

— twin-shaft rotating heat exchanger gas turbine engine

— two-pulse engine

— variable compression engine

— variable ratio engine

— vertically opposed pistons diesel engine

— Wankel rotary variant diesel engine

— water drive engine

— water jet engine

English-Russian military dictionary > engine
14 chamber

камера; полость; комната; отсек; коробка; футляр; отсек; баллон; II простреливать (шпур или скважину); расширять (дно скважины); помещаться

- chamber alloying
- chamber baking - chamber behind retarder piston - chamber charge - chamber drier - chamber drying - chamber filter press - chamber lifter - chamber pressure - chamber saturation - chamber space - chamber temperature - chamber test - chamber underground storage - chamber-type underground storage
- absorption chamber

- accelerating chamber
- acceleration chamber - acoustic chamber - aerotype float chamber
- admission chamber

- air chamber

- air-cell chamber
- air-mixing chamber - air-ventilation chamber - anechoic chamber
- annular combustion chamber

- atomizing chamber

- auxiliary chamber

- baffle chamber

- balance chamber

- bale chamber
- baling chamber
- base chamber

- bathtub combustion chamber
- bean combustion chamber - beater chamber
- beating chamber

- blasting chamber
- blending chamber - blowout chamber - bowl-in-piston combustion chamber - box-type combustion chamber
- brake chamber

- brake diaphragm chamber
- bubble chamber - burn-off chamber - bathtub chamber - can-type combustion chamber - cannular combustion chamber - carbon-settling chamber - carburetor diffuser chamber
- carburetor float chamber

- carburetor suction chamber
- catalyst chamber - cathode chamber - checker chamber - chopper chamber - climatic chamber - cloud chamber - coating chamber - collection chamber - combing chamber
- combustion chamber

- combustion chamber of wedge form
- compression chamber - conditioning chamber - cooling chamber - correction chamber - crank chamber - crimping chamber - crusher chamber - crushing chamber - curing chamber - cushion chamber - cutting chamber - cyclone combustion chamber - cylindrical runner chamber - damping chamber - decompression chamber - decontamination chamber - deposition chamber - degum the combustion chamber - delivery chamber - delivery air chamber - detritus chamber - diffuser chamber - diffusion cloud chamber - discharge chamber - divided combustion chamber - dozing chamber - draft tube gate chamber - drill chamber - drip chamber - dust chamber - dust collection chamber - dust precipitation chamber - drying chamber - echo chamber - electrical dust precipitation chamber - electrochemical machining chamber - electrode chamber - electrostatic paint chamber - elongated vibratory chamber - end fission chamber - environmental chamber - environmental test chamber - evacuated chamber - evaporation chamber - exhaust chamber - expansion chamber - explosion chamber - extinguishing chamber - fast ionization chamber - feed chamber - filtration chamber - firing chamber - flash chamber - flat fission chamber - float chamber - flush chamber - foam chamber - foam-collecting chamber - foam-mixing chamber - fog chamber - freezing chamber - fuel chamber - fuel-changing chamber - fuel injection chamber - fumigation chamber - gallery-simple-differential surge chamber - gas discharge chamber - gate chamber - governor chamber - grinding chamber - grit chamber - grizzly chamber - head combustion chamber - heating chamber - hemispherical combustion chamber - high-pressure chamber - humidifying chamber - ignition chamber - inspection chamber - inlet chamber - intake chamber - jet chamber - leak-detection chamber - loading chamber - low-pressure chamber - main combustion chamber - measuring chamber - melting chamber - mixing chamber - mixture chamber - moist chamber - monitor chamber - mud chamber - multidiaphragm brake chamber - nondivided combustion chamber - oil chamber - open combustion chamber - overflow chamber - pent-roof combustion chamber - petrol chamber - piston chamber - piston combustion chamber - piston retraction chamber - plain combustion chamber - plenum chamber - plenum mixing chamber - pneumatic surge chamber - polyspherical combustion chamber - power ionization chamber - precompression chamber - preheating chamber - preignition chamber - preplasticizing chamber - pressure chamber - pressure test chamber - pretest chamber - primary drying chamber - priming chamber - process chamber - processing chamber - pump chamber - quenching chamber - rapid temperature change chamber - rebound chamber - reducing chamber - refrigeration chamber - regenerative chamber - resonance chamber - resonant chamber - resonating chamber - reverberation chamber - reverse-flow combustion chamber - rotary spool chamber - runner chamber - salt-fog chamber - salt-spray chamber - scintillation chamber - sealed chamber - secondary drying chamber - setting chamber - setting box chamber - shielding chamber - sight chamber - silencing chamber - sound chamber - sound attenuating chamber - spherical segment combus-tion chamber - spring-loaded brake chamber - stripping chamber - stuffing box chamber - suction chamber - sustainer chamber - cruising chamber - swirl combustion chamber - thermal vacuum chamber - test chamber - toroidal combustion chamber - tubular combustion chamber - turbulence combustion chamber - ultra-high-vacuum chamber - vacuum chamber - valve chamber - vertical-vortex combustion chamber - vortex chamber - vortex combustion chamber - washing chamber - water chamber - wedge-section combustion chamber - well chamber

Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > chamber
15 method

метод; процедура; способ

- a priori method

- abbreviated method

- abridged method

- absolute method

- adaptive method

- adaptive smoothing method

- ADI method

- adjoint method

- adobe blasting method

- aero-projection method

- algebraic method

- algorithmic method

- alternating method

- alternating-variable descent method

- analog method

- analytical method

- angular modulation method
- antithetic variate method
- approximate estimation method

- approximation-function method

- approximative method

- area method

- area moment method

- ascent method

- asymptotically efficient method
- average ordinate method - average range method
- averoid method

- axiomatic method

- axonometric method

- backward-sweep method

- balayage method

- Barrelet method of zeroes

- barrier method

- baseband recording method
- binary search method
- block-diagram method

- bordering method

- Borrmann method

- bottle method

- boundary integral method

- building-block method

- caisson method

- cascade method

- case method

- catastrophe method

- category method

- centroid method

- chain method

- chaining method

- chord method

- climb milling method

- clustering method

- cofactor method

- coincidence method

- collocation method

- colorimetric method

- combinatorial method

- comparative method

- comparison method

- complete elimination method

- complexometric method

- composite value method

- computing method

- conditionally stable method

- conductance-measuring method

- cone method

- conformal mapping method
- conjugate directions method - conjugate gradient method
- conjugate-gradient method

- constant-fraction method

- constructive method

- continuation method

- contour integral method
- control chart method - conventional milling method
- convergence method

- convergent method

- convex simplex method
- correlation function method
- covariant method

- crossed beam method

- crude method

- cut-and-try method

- cutting-plane method

- cyclic method

- data enrichment method
- decision function method
- decomposition method

- deductive method

- delta method

- depth-first method

- describing function method

- diagonalization method

- dichotomy method

- difference factorization method
- differential control method
- differential-equations method

- diffusion method

- digital method

- dilution method

- dimensional method

- direct method of measurement

- direct method

- direct search method

- dispersion method

- distribution-free method

- dot alloying method

- double-description method

- dry method

- dual simplex method

- duality method

- Dumas method

- dye-penetrant method

- efficient method

- efflux method

- electrophoretic method

- elementary method

- elimination method

- embedded method

- empirical method

- energy method

- equal-probability selection method

- equal-strain method

- equation method

- ergodic method

- error method

- error of method

- escalator method

- estimation method

- exact method

- exclusion method

- exhaustion method

- expansion method

- experimental method

- exterior point method

- extrapolation method

- factor comparison method

- factorial method

- factorization method

- falling body method

- fall-of-charge method

- false position method
- Feynman diagram method
- finitary method

- finite difference method
- first approximation method
- fitting method

- fixed-point method

- floatation method

- floating-zone method

- forecasting method

- formal method

- fractional step method

- freehand method

- functional method

- fundamental method

- game-theoretic method

- general method

- genetic method

- geometrical method

- global balance method
- gradient projection method
- gradient-search method

- graph method

- graphic method

- grapho-numerical method

- gravimetric method

- gray-wedge method

- grid method

- Griess-Ilovai method

- grouping method

- half-and-half method

- half-deflection method

- half-split method

- heuristic method

- hill-climbing method

- Hopkinson split-bar method

- horn-and-lens method

- hydraulic fill method

- hypothetico-deductive method

- idealized method

- identification method

- immersion method

- inaccurate method

- incremental method

- index method

- indirect method of measurement

- indirect method

- inductive method

- inexact method

- infinitesimal method

- informal method

- integral estimation method

- integral method

- integro-interpolation method

- interior point method

- interpretation method

- inverse matrix method

- inverse-scattering method

- inversion method

- isocline method

- isolation method

- iterated-interpolation method

- iteration method
- iterative method
- jacknife method

- kernel of summation method

- kick-sorting method

- knapsack method

- laboratory method

- laborious method

- Lagrange's method of multipliers
- large sample method - large sieve method
- learning method

- least sample value method
- least-squares regression method - less than fully efficient method
- leveling method

- limited information method
- linearly implicit method
- linking method

- load factor method

- load-factor method

- local method

- logical method

- logical-and-probabilistic method

- logistic method

- lost wax method

- machining method

- magnetic particle method

- manufacturing method

- mapping method

- marginal method

- Markowitz method

- matching method

- mathematically deductive method

- matrix method

- maximum likelihood method

- mean-value method

- measurement method

- method of abstraction

- method of acyclic models
- method of adjoint gradient - method of algebraic addition - method of alternating directions
- method of approximation

- method of arithmetic means

- method of arithmetization

- method of averages and ranges

- method of averages

- method of backward induction
- method of balanced blocks
- method of balayage

- method of barriers

- method of basic series

- method of bearings

- method of catastrophes

- method of characteristic functions

- method of characteristics

- method of choice

- method of collapsed strata

- method of comparison

- method of complex gradients
- method of complex numbers - method of confidence intervals - method of conformal mappings - method of conjugate directions - method of conjugate gradients
- method of continuation

- method of continuity

- method of contrasts

- method of convex ascent

- method of correction

- method of countable coverings

- method of counterexamples

- method of cutting and gluing
- method of cyclic descent - method of detached coefficients
- method of determinants

- method of diagrams

- method of direct elimination
- method of disjunction of cases - method of divided differences - method of electrical images - method of elimination of quantifiers - method of empty ball
- method of estimation

- method of exhaustion

- method of extrapolation

- method of extremal metric
- method of extreme values - method of false position - method of feasible directions - method of finite differences - method of first approximation - method of first entrance - method of fitting constants - method of fixed points
- method of forcing

- method of forecasting

- method of fraction levelling
- method of full enumeration - method of generating functions - method of geometric exhaustion
- method of gisements

- method of golden section

- method of graphs

- method of harmonic balance

- method of homology

- method of incremental rates
- method of indefinite coefficients
- method of indicators

- method of induction

- method of inductive inference
- method of infinite descent - method of interval bisection
- method of inversion

- method of isoclines

- method of iterations

- method of krakowians

- method of leading variables
- method of least absolute values - method of least distance - method of least likelihood
- method of lines

- method of loci

- method of martingale

- method of mathematical induction
- method of maximum likelihood - method of means and standard deviations - method of medians and extreme values - method of minimal change - method of minimal variance - method of mirror reflections - method of moving frame - method of multiple comparison
- method of multipliers

- method of normals

- method of numbering

- method of observation

- method of operators

- method of optimum allocation

- method of ordering

- method of orthogonal contrasts
- method of orthogonal projections - method of paired associates - method of paired comparisons
- method of parabolas

- method of parametrix

- method of partial integration

- method of partition

- method of penultimate remainder
- method of phase integrals
- method of potentials

- method of prediction

- method of principal components
- method of projecting cones
- method of proof

- method of proportional control
- method of proportional parts
- method of quantiles

- method of quickest descent

- method of randomization

- method of raviness

- method of rectangles

- method of reiteration

- method of representative sample

- method of residues

- method of revolution

- method of rotating coordinates
- method of rotating factors
- method of scoring

- method of search

- method of selected points
- method of semantic tableaux
- method of semiaverages

- method of separation of variable
- method of separation of variables - method of simulaneous displacements
- method of smoothing

- method of solution

- method of spherical means
- method of stationary phase - method of statistical differentials - method of statistical inference - method of steep variations - method of steepest ascent - method of stochastic approximation - method of straightforward iteration
- method of substitution

- method of successive corrections
- method of successive displacements - method of successive divisions - method of successive elimination
- method of summability

- method of sweeping

- method of tangent parabolas
- method of transfinite induction
- method of transformation

- method of trapezoids

- method of unconditional optimization
- method of unweighted means - method of variable differences - method of variation of parameters
- method of verification

- method of weight functions
- method of weighted residuals
- midrank method

- minimal residual method

- minimax method

- mirror-image method

- modified method

- momentum-transfer method

- moving average method

- moving-average method

- multiextremal method

- multiple correlation method

- multiplex method

- multistep method

- nephelometric method

- net-point method

- neutral-points method

- nonconstructive method

- noncovariant method

- nonlinear method

- nonparametric method

- nonprobabilistic method

- nonrank method

- nonrecursive method

- nonsequential method

- normal approximation method

- number-theoretical method

- numerical graphical method

- objective method

- obstruction method

- offset method

- offset-signal method

- one-sweep method

- operational method

- operations research method

- operator method

- optimal method
- optimum method
- optimum-seeking method

- ordinary least squares method

- orthogonalization method

- orthogonalized-plane-wave method

- parabolic extrapolation method
- parallel tangents method
- paramagnetic-resonance method

- particle method

- particle-in-cell method

- path-of-steepest-ascent method

- penalty function method

- plunge-cut method

- point-estimation method

- polar method

- pole-and-ray method

- postulational method

- powder method

- precise method
- precision method
- primal-dual method

- principal-factor method

- problem-solving method

- processing method

- prognosis method

- proof method

- proportional parts method

- pseudoviscosity method

- pulse method

- pulse-echo method

- quadrature method

- quality control method

- quantal-response method

- quasianalytic method

- quasilinearization method

- quota method

- radiation method

- radiometric method

- random search method
- random walk method
- ranking method

- raster-scan method

- ray-trace method

- real method

- recursion method
- recursive method - reduced gradient method - reflected wave method
- refletion method

- regression method

- regula falsi method

- regular method

- rejection mask method
- relative method of measurement
- reliability method

- representative method

- residue method

- response surface method

- retardation method

- retract method

- rigorous method

- robust method

- root-locus method

- root-sum-of-squares method

- roster method

- rotating-crystal method

- rotation method

- rough-and-ready method

- routine method

- row-by-row method

- Runge-Kutta method

- saddle point method

- saddle-point method

- sampling method by attributes
- sampling method by variables
- saturation method

- scale factor method

- sedimentaion method

- self-checking method

- self-consistency method

- semantic method

- semigraphical method

- semigroup method

- separation method

- set-theoretical method

- shadow method

- shaft sinking method

- shake method

- shock-capturing method

- sieve method

- similitude method

- similitude method

- simple summation method

- simplex method

- simplified method

- simulation method

- singular perturbation method

- singularity method

- slope-deflection method

- smoothing method

- solid straircase method

- solution method

- spectroscopic method

- speedup method

- spiral-scan method

- split-half method

- split-plot method

- spot-scan photomultiplier method

- stable method

- standard inspection method

- standard method

- stationary phase method
- statistical sampling method - steepest descent method
- step-back method

- stepping-stone method

- stepwise method

- stochastic approximation method

- stochastic method

- stylus method

- subjective method

- substitution method

- succession-sweep method

- successive exclusion method

- summability method

- sweeping-out method

- symmetrization method

- synchronous storage method

- synthetic method

- systematic method

- target method

- test-line method

- thermal reduction methods
- time average method
- time-of-flight method

- total value method

- total-strain method

- transcendental method

- transformation method

- transition state method

- tree method

- tree-search method

- trial method

- trial-and-error method

- triangulation method

- trilateration method

- truncation method

- truth-table method

- try-and-error method

- Tukey-Cooley method

- Tukey-Sand method

- two-dimensional method

- two-stage least-square method

- two-sweep method

- univariate method

- up-and-down method

- value-iteration method

- variable metric method

- variable-phase method

- visual method

- volumetric method

- weighted least-squares method

- Whitham's method

- wobbulator method

- worst-case method

- X-ray diffraction method

- zero-beat method

English-Russian scientific dictionary > method
16 separate

1. n полигр. отдельный оттиск

separate drive — отдельный привод

separate item — отдельный элемент

separate sensor — отдельный датчик

separate battery — отдельная батарея

separate brigade — отдельная бригада

2. n с. -х. отдельности

3. a отдельный; изолированный; обособленный, отделённый

separate room — изолированная комната

separate entrance — отдельный вход

separate cell — одиночная камера

a book in two separate volumes — книга в двух томах

separate crime — самостоятельное, отдельное преступление

by separate mail — отдельным почтовым отправлением

separate ventilation — обособленное проветривание

separate supply point — отдельный пункт поставки

separate mail — отдельное почтовое отправление

4. a раздельный

separate education — раздельное обучение

separate loading — раздельное заряжание

separate ammunition — боеприпасы раздельного заряжания

separate homogenization — раздельная гомогенизация

separate identity — раздельная правосубъектность

separate consideration — раздельное рассмотрение

separate compilation — раздельная компиляция

separate pagination — раздельная пагинация

5. a сепаратный

separate peace treaty — сепаратный мирный договор

6. a особый, специальный; самостоятельный

these are two entirely separate questions — это два совершенно самостоятельных вопроса

separate account — специальный счёт

separate opinion — особое мнение

separate legal entity — самостоятельное юридическое лицо

7. a бот. однополый

separate estate — отдельное имущество

8. v отделять, разъединять

gardens separated by a wall — сады, разделённые стеной

widely separated homestead — разбросанные фермы

the river separates the two countries — река разделяет эти две страны

to separate religion from politics — отделить религию от политики

to separate a word by a hyphen — разделить слово дефисом

to separate by a comma — отделить запятой

to separate two boxers — развести двух боксёров

the two events are separated in time by one hundred years — во времени эти события отстоят друг от друга на сотню лет

9. v отделяться, разъединяться

the rope separated under the strain — верёвка разорвалась от натяжения

10. v различать, отличать

to separate truth from falsehood — отличать истину от лжи

11. v выделять, экстрагировать; сепарировать

to separate milk — сепарировать молоко

12. v сортировать, отсеивать

to separate bran from flour — отсеивать отруби

13. v разлучать

14. v расставаться, разлучаться

we have to separate at the crossroad — от перекрёстка нам придётся идти в разные стороны

15. v расходиться; жить врозь

they separated amicably — они разошлись мирно

16. v разлагать

17. v хим. выделять из раствора, выделять отстаиванием

18. v разделять

19. v увольнять с военной службы; демобилизовывать

action for separate maintenance — иск о материальной поддержке

Синонимический ряд:

1. apart (adj.) apart; detached; disconnected; disunited; divided; unattached

2. distinct (adj.) different; distinct; diverse; several; various

3. free (adj.) autarchic; autarkic; autonomous; free; independent; sovereign

4. single (adj.) discrete; individual; lone; one; only; particular; single; singular; sole; solitary; unique

5. alienate (verb) alienate; estrange

6. break up (verb) break up; dichotomize; disjoint; dissect; dissever; rupture; split up; sunder; uncombine

7. discharge (verb) demobilise; demobilize; discharge; muster out

8. group (verb) assort; categorise; class; classify; group; pigeon-hole; sort out

9. isolate (verb) close off; cut off; enisle; insulate; island; isolate; seclude; segregate; sequester

10. know (verb) difference; differentiate; discern; discrepate; discriminate; distinguish; extricate; know; severalize; tell

11. sort (verb) comb; sift; sort; winnow

12. split (verb) break; break off; detach; disconnect; disengage; disjoin; disunite; divide; divorce; fragment; part; partition; section; segment; sever; split; undo

Антонимический ряд:

attach; blend; combine; conglomerate; connect; connected; consolidate; dependent; fuse; general; include; indistinct; intertwine; join; joined; reconcile; related

English-Russian base dictionary > separate
17 continuous diffuser

диффузор непрерывного действия

diffuser filling — загрузка диффузора

rotary diffuser — ротационный диффузор

diffuser take off — отклонение диффузора

column diffuser — диффузор колонного типа

cell-divided diffuser — секционный диффузор

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > continuous diffuser
18 double-shock diffuser

двухскачковый диффузор

diffuser filling — загрузка диффузора

rotary diffuser — ротационный диффузор

diffuser take off — отклонение диффузора

column diffuser — диффузор колонного типа

cell-divided diffuser — секционный диффузор

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > double-shock diffuser
19 slope diffuser

наклонный диффузор

rotary diffuser — ротационный диффузор

diffuser take off — отклонение диффузора

column diffuser — диффузор колонного типа

cell-divided diffuser — секционный диффузор

double-shock diffuser — двухскачковый диффузор

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > slope diffuser
20 run

работа, действие, ход; полет; разбег или пробег; гонка ( двигателей) ; проводка ( управления) ; работать; управлять ( машиной) ; проходить, вести, соединять

3g toss-bomb run — заход на бомбометание с кабрирования с трёхкратной перегрузкой

during the production run — в ходе [в процессе] производства

maximum thrust afterburning run — дв. работа на режиме максимальной тяги с включенной форсажной камерой, максимальный форсажный режим

widely separated control runs — далеко разнесённые проводки управления

— aileron control run

— alighting run

— alternative run

— attack run

— bench run

— bombing run

— braked run

— cable run

— calibrating run

— control run

— cooling run

— crosswind ground run

— delivery run

— divided control runs

— dry run

— endurance run

— fail-safe run

— fast run

— final bombing run

— final run

— firing run

— flying control run

— fog-seeding run

— fuel-system runs

— GCA run

— green run

— gross run

— ground run

— high-level run

— high-speed run

— hydraulic pipe runs

— ILS run

— landing run

— lateral-control runs

— launching run

— long low-level run

— low-level fly-over run

— low-level run

— maiden run

— milk run

— navigator-directed bombing run

— net run

— record run

— run away

— run down

— run home

— run in

— run out

— run rough

— run up

— run with power

— run without power

— single-engine run

— slat runs

— sled run

— speed run

— spoiler control run

— stalling run

— starboard runs

— straight run

— supersonic run

— tailplane control run

— tail-rotor control run

— takeoff ground run

— takeoff run required

— takeoff run

— target run

— taxi run

— test cell run

— test run

— throttle run

— timed run

— toss-bomb run

— trial run

— unbraked run

— underfloor control runs

— underwater run

— weapon delivery run

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > run

См. также в других словарях:

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Cell surface receptor — The seven transmembrane α helix structure of a G protein coupled receptor Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are specialized integral membrane proteins that take part in communication between the cell and the… … Wikipedia
Cell division — Division Di*vi sion, n. [F. division, L. divisio, from dividere. See {Divide}.] 1. The act or process of diving anything into parts, or the state of being so divided; separation. [1913 Webster] I was overlooked in the division of the spoil.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Cell cycle — The sequence of events within the cell between cell divisions. The cell cycle is conventionally divided into the following phases: {{}}G0 (G zero, the G standing for gap) G1, (G one, the first gap) S (synthesis phase during which the DNA is… … Medical dictionary
Cell ship — Infobox Fictional Spacecraft name = Cell ship caption = Several cell ships undocked from a helix. first = Broken Bow last = status = affiliation = Suliban cabal launched = decommissioned = class = registry = maxspeed = fighters = auxcraft =… … Wikipedia
cell — I. /sɛl / (say sel) noun 1. a small room in a convent, prison, etc. 2. any small compartment, bounded area, receptacle, case, etc. 3. a small group acting as a unit within a larger organisation. 4. Biology a. a plant, animal, or fungal structure …

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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Divided cell

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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Divided cell

Тематики

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